To streamline trauma care, national trauma alert criteria have gradually been implemented since 2016 and are used by most of the ambulances and hospital organizations. The prehospital triage of a patient’s condition and the mechanism of injury are essential aspects of the trauma care system that play a role in improving survival and decreasing hospitalisation for severe trauma patients. The latter is the most common cause of death among younger people and of the male gender. In Sweden, a considerable proportion (15%) of contacts with the ambulance services (AS) is caused by low- or high-energy trauma incidents. The types of injury are defined as either blunt or penetrating trauma, and the rate of fatal injuries in the early phase after a severe trauma is high, with 50–60% of these injuries being related to the head, neck, thorax, abdomen and pelvis. Trauma is a significant cause of human suffering and disability, resulting in 4.4 million deaths worldwide every year. Severe traumas are given the highest priority at the dispatch centre in the vast majority of cases, but nearly one-third of these cases are considered a low priority by the EMS nurse. The most frequent aetiology of a severe trauma is injury caused by a car, and most severe traumas are blunt. However, only a small proportion of these cases are severe injuries, and the risk of severe disabilities and death appears to be limited. In this cross-sectional study, 14% of the primary EMS missions for one year were caused by trauma. 12% required invasive treatment, 11% were discharged with severe disability and the 30-day mortality rate was 3.6%. Inclusion criteria were an Emergency Symptoms and Signs code equivalent to trauma in the Swedish Ambulance Registry and criteria fulfilled for SweTrau inclusion. Methodsĭata from two national quality registries, the Swedish Ambulance Registry and the Swedish Trauma Registry (SweTrau) were collected from January 1 to December 31, 2019. To investigate the prevalence of trauma in Sweden assessed by EMS from a national perspective and describe patient demography, aetiology, trauma type, prehospital triage and clinical outcomes. There is a lack of knowledge regarding the epidemiology of severe trauma assessed by Swedish emergency medical services (EMS).
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